Abrasion Resistance Defined

Materials Selection for Resistance to Abrasion_eg. for applications such as Iron Ore Slurry Transportation http://materialsscienceengineeringdefined.blogspot.com/2015/08/materials-selection-for-resistance-to.html

Materials Selection for Resistance to Abrasion_eg. for applications such as Iron Ore Slurry Transportation

An impressive and succinct presentation of materials,mainly special steels for use in ore mineral transportation as slurry often over huge distances.

This most usefull graphical representation of types of materials that can be transported via pipeline, slurries, is given below. On the upper left (LHS) of the diagonal, the materials to be transported are plotted according their Mohr's hardness on a log10 scale (y-axis) against pipeline candidate materials mainly steels, with some ceramic (coatings) classified according to their hardness, both Brinell and Rockwell tests, on the lower right (X-axis)  The inclusion of  soft materials such as general plastics, talc and the more and more in view graphite, (nanoapplics)  provide a strong contrast which highlights the resistance of the steel tube contenders.

A table of contents from his short and to the point publications reads as follows:

     -Typical Mine Applications.
     -Types of Wear.
     -Hardness.
     -Piping Materials.
     -Material Alloying: metallurgy for strength and harndess.
               -Heat treatment (quenching technology) to harden inner surface,
                while maintaining a more ductile exterior surface.
     -Wear Tiles and Inserts: tiles are of course made from materials that are harder and more abrasion        resistant than the base steel piping.
     -Rubber/Poly Lined Pipe.
     -Double Wall Pipes.
     -BiMetallic Pipes. (advantages, but without the disadvantages of the double wall pipes).
     -System Design Considerations:
           Particle size, shape, and hardness, Particle Velocity,

A most instructive read (link to full paper by Robert E. Klemm, P.E. of UltraTech.  )


   

Non-Destuctive Testing-NDT_New way to find tiny flaws in aircraft parts - Info Centre - Research_EU

A new way to find tiny flaws in aircraft parts - Information Centre - Research: "new way to find tiny flaws in aircraft parts" reports collaborated work by the following 5 countries namely:  Belgium  |  France  |  Germany  |  Israel  |  Spain



EU-funded project claims, to have developed the first terahertz scanners for non-destructive testing of aeroplane parts. Outperforming existing technologies, these systems detect small defects on and deep within composite materials - improving safety in the air and helping manufacturers and airline operators optimise maintenance and lower costs.

EU-Research & Innovation.

'via Blog this'

MIT Technology Review’s 50 Smartest Companies 2015, from Tesla to Uber | MIT Technology Review

Nice work by MIT researchers and MIT Review team. Great graphics and graphical interactivity via the link to MIT Review's site beneath the picture:

MIT Technology Review’s 50 Smartest Companies 2015, from Tesla to Uber | MIT Technology Review: "50 Smartest Companies 2015"

Cheers.and enjoy the info.
'via Blog this'

Taking the heat off the chip_Global Thermal Interface Materials Report 2015 - Status, Opportunities, Market Forecasts to 2025 -- DUBLIN, June 5, 2015 /PRNewswire/ --

Here is a short rapid introduction and overview to a still hot topic-materials to markets 

"Overheating is the most critical issue in the computer industry. It limits further miniaturisation, power, performance and reliability. The escalation of power densities in electronic devices has made efficient heat removal a crucial issue for progress in information, communication, energy harvesting, energy storage and lighting technologies. As long as electronic systems aren't monolithic, but are built from a wide range of materials such as metals, polymers, ceramics and semiconductors, there will be a need for thermal interface materials." from PRNewswire


The contact area between high power, heat generating components and heat sinks can be as low as 3%, due to the micro-scale surface roughness. Thermal interface materials are required to enhance the contact between the surfaces, and decrease thermal interfacial resistance, and increase heat conduction across the interface. 

Proper selection of Thermal Interface Materials (TIM) is crucial for the device efficiency. Instead of sophisticated cooling technique, it is often better to invest in the interface material. Without good thermal contact, the use of expensive thermally conducting materials for the components is a waste. 


1. Innovation Drivers in this industry

2. Thermal Interface Materials 2015-2025 includes a technology appraisal of the ten key technologies: 

1. Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Tapes
2. Thermal Adhesives
3. Thermal Greases
4. Thermal Gels, Pastes and Liquids
5. Elastomeric Pads
6. Phase Change Materials
7. Graphite
8. Solders and Phase Change Metals
9. Compressible Interface Materials
10. Liquid Metals 

3. Current and growing opportunities for these technologies

4. The Companies. 

- 3M Electronic Materials
- AI Technology
- AIM Specialty Materials
- AOS Thermal
- DK Thermal
- Dow Corning
- Dymax Corporation
- Ellsworth Adhesives
- Enerdyne
- European Thermodynamics Ltd
- Fralock
- Fujipoly
- GrafTech
- Henkel
- Indium Corporation
- Inkron
- Kitagawa Industries
- LORD
- Laird Tech
- MH&W International
- Minteq
- Momentive
- Parker Chomerics
- Resinlab
- Schlegel Electronics Materials
- ShinEtsu
- Timtronics
- Universal Science 

Global Thermal Interface Materials Report 2015 - Status, Opportunities, Market Forecasts to 2025 -- DUBLIN, June 5, 2015 /PRNewswire/ --:



LINK_for more information.



'via Blog this'

free Whitepaper on Effective Tolerance Management_EnginSoft

Any manufactured object differs in shape and dimension from its ideal design. This variation does not necessarily cause problems regarding functionality, but it always contributes to cost.

Find out why more and more companies implement GD&T as an essential element of their design process in this easy to understand whitepaper with examples.

REF:

Effective Tolerance Management | EnginSoft

EUROSUPERALLOYS 2014_ MATEC Web of Conferences. Open Access

 "EUROSUPERALLOYS 2014 – 2nd European Symposium on Superalloys and their Applications"
was held in Giens, France in May 2014.

Ten full sessions and eleven poster sessions were held on many (most) aspects of  Superalloys processing and properties. Superalloys, as the name implies, have superior properties.  They are used in applications involving high demands in performance and reliability namely strength high temperatures and corrosive environments such as those encountered especially in aircraft_aero-engines and improved energy production plant.


List of themes is as follows: please excuse the EU for allowing US spelling rather than the original and UK spelling behaviour

• Session 1: Alloy Development I: Ni-Based Alloys
• Session 2: Alloy Development II: Co-Based Alloys
• Session 3: Deformation and Damage Mechanisms II: Fatigue, Oxidation and Crack Propagation
• Session 4: Mechanical Behavior I: Fatigue
• Session 5: Native Defects and Precipitates Evolutions in Single Crystal Alloys
• Session 6: Mechanical Behavior II: Single Crystal Alloys
• Session 7: Process - Microstructure Interactions
• Session 8: Recrystallization and Grain Growth
• Session 9: Precipitation
• Session 10: Mechanical Behavior III: Polycrystalline Alloys
• Posters: Precipitation
• Posters: Recrystallisation and Grain Growth
• Posters: Process Microstructure Interactions
• Posters: Native Defects and Precipitate Evolution in Single Crystals
• Posters: Deformation and Damage Mechanisms I: Creep
• Posters: Deformation and Damage Mechanisms II: Fatigue, Oxidation, Crack Propagation
• Posters: Alloy Development I: Ni Based Alloys
• Posters: Alloy Development II: Co Based Alloys
• Posters: Mechanical Behavior I: Fatigue
• Posters: Mechanical Behavior II: Single-Crystalline Alloys
• Posters: Mechanical Behavior III: Polycrystalline Alloys

I did notice however that neither in these open access conference papers nor in web based available manufacturers specifications that the limits on such common trace elements as S (sulphur) and P (phosphorus) appeared high when compared with the practice and practise, of which I am aware. Admittedly dated! However I honestly report here that a couple of my ex-colleagues involved in such advance metallurgical processing and development in PM (powder metallurgy) requested "current S levels be lowered from a commonly specified 0.015%Smax. I was able to respond immediately and informed my client-collegues that the first trials had already proved successful as usual with "my" desulphurization  technique.

My peer reviewed paper is now freely available to our members of IOM3_The Institute of Materials Minerals and Mining entitled:

"Optimizing deoxidation and desulphurization during vacuum induction melting of  (Super) alloy 718. J.Alexander, Materials Science and Technology,(MST) published Feb. 1985.(MST's 2nd issue).

Now let's not be shy. My Indian colleagues (most of whom are retired today) from the MIDHANI, Ministry of Defence  plant in Hyderabad can honestly vouch for my desulphorization performance. As  guarent for the "three melt-shop know-how transfer contract, I was called upon to assist during start-up in Hyderabad. Unfortuneately the only raw material for the very low P (phosphorus) grade to be made had about 3times mor P than our recommended raw material. Well, under some pressure from the then, chairman no less, I accepted the challenge and brought the damed thing into the aimed spec.

I was never informed whether the final product achieved the result originally set in the "Know-how" agreement.

Post Scriptum:
Thing must have sorted themselves out considering that very recently India has also bought the french jet fighter The Rafale and for good or bad Mr. Mittal has bought over the company where I had enormous fun both at work and for pleasure. I took up my soccer game after a too long lay-off during studies and early laboratory research work..

I do hope you enjoy sharing my experience.

 Best regards.




EUROSUPERALLOYS 2014 – 2nd European Symposium on Superalloys and their Applications

MATEC Web of Conferences:  PS this is a window to a much larger peer reviewed open access web library

'via Blog this'